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Submarine Adoptions

To this many, many naval vessels and 'adopted' by communites either formally or imformally often due to a shared name or historical connection. However the majority of 'formal' adoptions where created during World War 2 as a result of the Warship Week initiative.

During the Second World War, the British Government faced a huge challenge raising the capital needed to support the war effort. Warships Week was a series of fundraising events organised across the country over a period of 24 weeks from 1941–1942. It was hoped that these funds would cover the costs of the expansion in shipbuilding. Between 1941 and 1942, the concept of National Savings was introduced. Each region in the country was provided with a savings target to achieve. This was based on the region's population, with each general level of savings having a class of warship assigned. This became known as Warship Week, due to its similarities with War Weapons Week, which was a drive to replace the materiel lost at Dunkirk through a savings campaign.

A level of savings would be set to raise enough money to provide the cost of building a particular naval ship. The aim was for cities to raise enough to adopt battleships and aircraft carriers, while towns and villages would focus on cruisers, destroyers, submarines, etc. Smaller towns and villages would be set a lower figure. Once the target money was saved for the ship, the community would adopt the ship and its crew.

Towns and districts were tasked with organising fundraising events in which residents were encouraged to subscribe to Government War Savings Bonds and Certificates. In return, the community would gain sponsorship of a Naval Vessel, which would, where possible, involve visits by ships' crews, the exchange of memorabilia and further donations of comforts for the crew members. Nationally, the events were incredibly successful, raising just under £1bn or £46bn in today's money.

Credit: Dr Peter Schofield
An Adrimalty Crest

Local charity organisations, churches and schools would provide the crews of the adopted ship with gloves, woollen socks and balaclavas. Children would often write letters and send cards to the crew. Whenever possible, officers and men from the adopted ship would visit the local community. To celebrate their visit, a parade would often be organised in their honour.

The adoption was usally fomallised by a presentation where the ship's commanding officer would exchange plaques, objects and photographs with the city or town that reached the target set, and an adoption would begin. The plaque provided by the admiralty usually consisted of the ships crest although not all submarines had an official crest, so an Admiralty Crest like the one shown on the right would be presented instead.

The number of warships adopted was over 1,200, number including battleships, cruisers, destroyers, submarines and trawlers. 1200. A press announcement quoted the adoption of eight battleships, four carriers, forty-nine cruisers, three hundred and one destroyers, twenty-five submarines, one hundred and sixty-four corvettes and frigates and two hundred and eighty-eight minesweepers.

Known Submarine Adoptions

The following list has been assembled from information provided by Dr Peter Schofield. In most cases, further information from Dr Schofield can be found by clicking the links to the individual boats pages.

Clyde (N 12) Stewartry (Kirkcudbrightshire)
On Monday, 8th March 1943, a ceremony was held in the Town Hall, Castle Douglas, to mark the adoption. The county presented a bronze plaque bearing the county arms to Captain Maitland-Kirwan for the submarine's conning tower. In return, the county received the crest of HMS Clyde.
Olympus (N 35) Peterborough
Peterborough participated in the national Warship Week campaign, raising £410,000, equivalent to over £17 million today. In March 1942, it was announced that the heavy bronze plaque to be affixed in HMS Olympus had been received ready to forward to the Admiralty. Unfortunately, Olympus was lost in May 1942.
Otus (N 92) Diss and Depwade with Harleston

During Warship Week in February 1942, the combined districts of Diss, Depwade, and Harleston participated in a national fundraising campaign to 'adopt' a Royal Navy vessel. The event took place from 14–21 February 1942. The fundraising goal was £175,000, intended to cover the cost of a submarine hull. The campaign fell short of its goal by £42,000, and the committee ended the week with a financial deficit.

Due to the deficit and the missed target, the committee initially decided not to present a ceremonial plaque to the submarine. Instead, they later held a separate function to clear the debt and used the surplus to send monthly books to the crew of HMS Otus. Plaques commemorating the adoption were eventually presented to Diss Urban District and Depwade Rural District.

Pandora (N 42) Selkirk & Galashiels
The adoption plaque is held at the Municipal Building, Selkirk. The plaque shown is one of two, the second being presented to Galashiels. Both towns were involved in raising a county target of £350,000 in war savings to adopt the submarine, the final total raised being £405,420.
Parthian (N 75) Borough of Boston, Lincolnshire

The joint Municipal and Rural District Warship Week was held from 14–21 March 1942. During this week, the community raised £342,287 in National Savings. Although plaques were exchanged in early February 1943, the likelihood is that the presentation plaque never reached Parthian as she would have been on active service

Parthian was lost later that year. Following the loss of HMS Parthian in 1943, a new campaign was inaugurated to raise £225,000, half the cost of a replacement, in early 1944.

Perseus (N 36) Stafford
Borough of Stafford participated in the national Warship Week campaign in November 1941. A slate tablet commemorating the adoption of HMS Perseus by the Borough of Stafford is located in the Garden of Remembrance in the grounds of St. Mary's Collegiate Church in Stafford.
Porpoise (N 14) Workington

The adoption target was set at £300,000, though the town fell short of this goal, raising £252,355. A plaque marking the adoption was presented to the submarine, which is now held at the Helena Thompson Museum in Workington. The diamond shaped crest differed from the crest of the post war HMS Porpoise. Today's shapes date from 1940 when it was decided to give new ships a round frame.

Seal (N 37) Seal (Kent)
The Admiralty announced that HMS Seal was overdue and must be presumed lost was ab occasion much regret among the villagers of Seal (Kent), who only a short time before decided to adopt the vessel. Since this interesting link with the submarine and village of the same name was established, a regular monthly hamper of comforts in the form of sweaters, socks, books, gramophone records, various games etc. had been sent to the ship's company. There hangs in Seal Village Hall a picture of the submarine, and on a small tablet underneath is the following inscription: "To the Village of Seal, from the Ship's Company of HMS Seal, 1940."
Shark (N 54) Esher Girl Guides (Surrey)

The Esher Girl Guides adopted the submarine at the start of the war. The Guides, including Rangers, Guides, and Brownies, regularly sent parcels to the crew and maintained correspondence with them and their families. The crew reciprocated by presenting the Guides with photographs of the submarine and a handmade White Ensign, which was embroidered with a submarine and the Shark motto, 'Celer et Audax' (Swift and Bold).

Following the loss of HMS Shark in July 1940, the Girl Guides continued to support the families of the sailors who were lost.

Tactician (P 314) Alfreton
Warship Week ended Feb 7th 1942. The plaque was restored by Rolls Royce apprentices, Derby in 2012.
Taku (N 38) Spalding
The town and surrounding villages exceeded their targets through parades, exhibitions, and intense, competitive fundraising efforts to "buy" a warship. The Spalding area raised £352,899 during their Warship Week 7-14 March 194,2 averaging over £10 per head.
Terrapin (P 323) Broadway, Worcestershire
The village of Broadway, Worcestershire, unofficially adopted HMS Terrapin which was launched and commissioned too late to be included in the Warship Week adoptions, therefore no Admiralty Adoption plaque was awarded, nor a plaque presented to the submarine. Nonetheless, money was raised locally for the supply of comforts for both vessels, just as they were for official adoptions.
Thunderbolt (N 25) Frome

The town set an ambitious goal to raise £175,000 (roughly £7 million today) to fund the vessel's operations, a target they successfully met during their Warship Week from 14-21 February 1942. The Somerset Standard reported the presentation of plaques by Vice Admiral Sir Robert A Hornell, KBE, DSO to the Councils in the Grand Cinema on Friday 12 March 1943 and the presentation of a plaque from the Councils to the Admiralty.

The opportunity to install the plaque in Thunderbolt never arose and non of her officers visited Frome. The presentation plaque was mounted on wood and hung in the Parish Church after the loss of HMS Thunderbolt. It is now in the foyer of Frome Memorial Theatre.

Truculent (P 315) Glossop, Derbyshire

Between 28 February and 7 March 1942, Glossop raised £137,000 in National Savings. By the end of the 1942–43 period, the total contributed by the population for warships reached £175,000

The Borough of Glossop, Derbyshire originally set out to adopt P36 during their Warship Week Feb 28th to March 7th 1942, having raised £137,000 in National Savings. P36 was sunk alongside at Malta on April 1st, 1942 and thereafter HMS Truculent was adopted.

Tudor (P 326) Bridgend

The town aimed to fund a submarine to support the war effort. They successfully raised £300,000, exceeding expectations.

Bridgend first adopted HMS Urge after raising £215,623 during their initial Warship Week held 15-22 November 1941. HMS Urge was lost in April 1942 and thereafter HMS Tudor (P326) was adopted. It is believed that the RN Museum holds the adoption plaque for HMS Tudor.

Unbeaten (N 93) Hove
Warship Week was held between 14 21 March 1942. The government set a target of £425,000 for the town, based on its population. Hove significantly exceeded this, raising £521,000, equivalent to approximately £10 for every man, woman, and child in the town. The town used a clever mnemonic for the campaign: "Hove Must Save – Unite Now By Effectively Adding To England's Navy".
Unbroken (P 42) Amersham and District
Amersham and District Warship Week was held 14-21 March 1942, The district, encompassing surrounding villages, raised a total of £540,216 (equivalent to over £25 million today).
Unique (N 95) Pontefract

Pontefract's Warship Week was held from 14–21 February 1942 exceeding its £200,000 target to raise £217,976. HMS Unique was adopted. Seven members of the crew visited Pontefract, where they were hosted at a civic reception by the mayor, visited the local races, and toured Pontefract Castle.

Unique was lost in October 1942 and HMS Upstart was then adopted.

Universal (P 57) Newmarket, Chesterton and South Cambridgeshire
Newmarket Rural Districts target was £100,000 and the three areas together raised £666,251. All three areas would also have received plaques.
Uproar (P 31) Cirencester
Warship Week was held between 7-14 March 1942 when £428,019 was raised. Plaques, along with other adoption memorabilia, are held at the Bingham Library in Cirencester.
Upstart (P 65) Pontefract
HMS Unique was originally adopted by Pontefract but lost in October 1942; HMS Upstart was then adopted.
Urge (N 17) Bridgend

The town aimed to fund a submarine to support the war effort. They successfully raised £300,000, exceeding expectations.

Bridgend first adopted HMS Urge after raising £215,623 during their initial Warship Week held 15-22 November 1941. HMS Urge was lost in April 1942 and thereafter HMS Tudor (P326) was adopted.

Ursula (N 59) Chorley, Withnell and Adlington

Chorley and District held their Warship Week from 31 January to 7 February 1942 when £387,354 was raised in National Savings to adopt HMS Ursula far exceeding their £175,000 target (equivalent to over £20 million today).

In October 1943, 11 members of the HMS Ursula crew visited Chorley Town Hall. They presented a plaque with the submarine’s crest to the Mayor as a thank-you for the town's support.

Utmost (N 19) Prestwich
The communities of Prestwich donations included a football kit donated by Sedgley Park toward HMS Utmost. The presentation plaque used to be in Prestwich Memorial Hall, but was relocated to Bury with the Jolly Roger.
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